Voiced bilabial plosive

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IPA – number	102
IPA – text	b
Entity	b
X-SAMPA	b
Kirshenbaum	b
Sound sample (help·info)

The voiced bilabial plosive is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is b, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is b. The voiced bilabial plosive occurs in English, and it is the sound denoted by the letter "b" in boy. Many Indian languages, such as Hindi, have a two-way contrast between aspirated and plain [b].

Contents 1 Features 2 Occurrence 3 See also 4 References 5 Bibliography

[edit] Features

Features of the voiced bilabial plosive:

• Its manner of articulation is plosive or stop, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract.
• Its place of articulation is bilabial which means it is articulated with both lips.
• Its phonation type is voiced, which means the vocal cords are vibrating during the articulation.
• It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth.
• It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the middle of the tongue, rather than the sides.
• The airstream mechanism is pulmonic egressive, which means it is articulated by pushing air out of the lungs and through the vocal tract, rather than from the glottis or the mouth.

[edit] Occurrence

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Arabic	Standard[1]	كتب	[ˈkatabɐ]	'he wrote'	See Arabic phonology
Dutch[2]		boer	[buːr]	'farmer'	See Dutch phonology
English		aback	[əˈbæk]	'aback'	See English phonology
Catalan[3]		blau	[blaw]	'blue' (m.)	See Catalan phonology
Czech		bota	[bota]	'boot'	See Czech phonology
French[4]		boue	[bu]	'mud'	See French phonology
Georgian[5]		ბავშვი	[ˈbavʃvi]	'child'
German		Bub	[buːp]	'boy'	See German phonology
Greek		μπόχα	[ˈbo̞xa]	'reek'	See Modern Greek phonology
Hindi		बाल	[bɑl]	'hair'	See Hindi-Urdu phonology
Hungarian		baba	[bɒbɒ]	'baby'	See Hungarian phonology
Italian[6]		bile	[ˈbile]	'rage'	See Italian phonology
Japanese[7]		?/ban	[baɴ]	'(one's) turn'	See Japanese phonology
Korean		바보/ babo	[paːbo]	'fool'	See Korean phonology
Norwegian		bål	[ˈbɔːl]	'bonfire'	See Norwegian phonology
Pirahã		pibaóí	[ˈpìbàóí̯]	'parent'
Polish[8]		bas	[bas] (help·info)	'bass'	See Polish phonology
Portuguese[9]		bato	[ˈbatu]	'I strike'	See Portuguese phonology
Russian[10]		рыба	[ˈrɨbə] (help·info)	'fish'	Contrasts with palatalized form. See Russian phonology
Spanish[11]		invertir	[ĩmbe̞ɾˈtiɾ]	'to invest'	See Spanish phonology
Swedish		bra	[ˈbrɑː]	'good'	See Swedish phonology
Turkish		bulut	[ˈbulut̪]	'cloud'	See Turkish phonology

[edit] See also

• Betacism
• List of phonetics topics

[edit] References

[edit] Bibliography

• Carbonell, Joan F. & Joaquim Llisterri (1992), "Catalan", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 22 (1-2): 53-56
• Cruz-Ferreira, Madalena (1995), "European Portuguese", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 25 (2): 90-94
• Fougeron, Cecile & Caroline L Smith (1993), "Illustrations of the IPA:French", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 23 (2): 73-76
• Gussenhoven, Carlos (1992), "Dutch", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 22 (2): 45-47
• Jassem, Wiktor (2003), "Polish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 33 (1): 103-107
• Martínez-Celdrán, Eugenio; Ana Ma. Fernández-Planas & Josefina Carrera-Sabaté (2003), "Castilian Spanish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 33 (2): 255-259
• Okada, Hideo (1991), "Phonetic Representation:Japanese", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 21 (2): 94-97
• Padgett, Jaye (2003), "Contrast and Post-Velar Fronting in Russian", Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 21 (1): 39-87
• Rogers, Derek & Luciana d'Arcangeli (2004), "Italian", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 34 (1): 117-121
• Shosted, Ryan K. & Chikovani Vakhtang (2006), "Standard Georgian", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 36 (2): 255-264
• Thelwall, Robin (1990), "Illustrations of the IPA: Arabic", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 20 (2): 37-41

v • d • e Consonants List · Table Pulmonics Bila​bial Labio​d. Den​tal Alv. Post. Retro​fl. Pal​a​tal Ve​lar Uvu​lar Pha​ryn. Epi​glot​t. Glot​tal Non-pulmonics and other symbols [edit • talk] Nasals m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ  Clicks  ʘ ǀ ǃ ǂ ǁ Plosives p b p̪ b̪ t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ʡ ʔ  Impl.  ɓ ɗ ʄ ɠ ʛ Fricatives ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ h ɦ  Eject.  pʼ tʼ kʼ qʼ sʼ Approxim. ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ  Affr.  p̪͡f t͡s d͡z t͡ʃ d͡ʒ t͡ɕ d͡ʑ ʈ͡ʂ ɖ͡ʐ t͡ɬ d͡ɮ Trills ʙ r • ʀ • Other laterals  ɺ • ɫ Flaps / taps ⱱ̟ ⱱ ɾ ɽ • • Co-art. fricatives  ɕ ʑ ɧ Lateral Fric. ɬ ɮ • • • Co-art. approxim.  ʍ w ɥ Lateral Appr. l ɭ ʎ ʟ Co-articulated stops  k͡p ɡ͡b ŋ͡m This table contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help] Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged to be impossible. See also IPA · Vowels