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UEFA coefficient

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See also: UEFA European Football Championship, UEFA Champions League, and UEFA Cup

In European football, the UEFA coefficients are statistics used for ranking and seeding teams in club and international competitions.

The coefficients are calculated by UEFA, who administer football within Europe. It uses three different coefficients:

Contents

[edit] National team coefficient

[edit] Up to Euro 2008

The national team coefficient is derived from the results of the national football team of a nation. Until the end of the Euro 2008 tournament, it has been calculated by dividing the number of points scored (three points for a win, one for a draw) by the number of matches played in the last two qualification rounds of the World Cup or European Championship. Play-off match results are ignored. For some countries only one qualifying round will be taken into account, if they were hosts of one of the last two events.

This coefficient is used by UEFA to determine in which "pot" a national team will be for the qualification tournaments of the European Championship, and the final tournament of the European Championship. Its usage as seeding criteria for the World Cup preliminaries ended when the UEFA executive committee decided to follow FIFA directives and used the FIFA rankings instead for the 2010 World Cup qualifying round draw. Each team in a pot is drawn into a separate qualifying group, thus keeping the bigger teams apart until the later stages of the competition.

If two or more associations have the same coefficient, the following criteria will be applied:

  1. coefficient from the matches played in its most recent qualifying competition,
  2. average goal difference,
  3. average number of goals scored,
  4. average number of away goals scored,
  5. drawing of lots.

[edit] From after Euro 2008

On 20 May 2008, UEFA announced the change of the coefficient ranking system.[1][2]

Under the new system, teams gain ranking points for each match played in the most recently completed five qualifying tournaments or finals of the World Cup or European Championships. 10,000 points are awarded for playing a match, with an additional 30,000 for winning, 20,000 for winning after a penalty shoot out, and 10,000 for a draw (including forcing, but failing to win, a penalty shoot-out). Matches in the finals tournament, or play-offs to determine qualification, are granted extra points, ranging from 6,000 to 38,000. 501 points are earned for scoring a goal, and 500 lost for each goal conceded. Points are divided by the number of games played, and more recent tournaments have double the weighting of the one most distant in time. Special arrangements are in place for hosts of competitions, who have therefore not participated in the qualifying tournament.

At the beginning of the Euro 2008 tournament, the rankings thus calculated are:[2]

  1.  Italy
 36,986
  1.  France
 36,219
  1.  Czech Republic
 36,025
  1.  Germany
 35,655
  1.  Portugal
 35,370
  1.  Netherlands
 34,573
  1.  England
 34,323
  1.  Spain
 34,000
  1.  Greece
 33,749
  1.  Sweden
 33,075
  1.  Croatia
 32,825
  1.  Romania
 32,135
  1.  Poland
 30,581
  1.  Turkey
 30,557
  1.  Russia
 29,912
  1.  Switzerland
 29,674
  1.  Denmark
 28,493
  1.  Bulgaria
 28,109
  1.  Serbia
 27,447
  1.  Norway
 27,425
  1.  Israel
 27,326
  1.  Ukraine
 27,143
  1.  Scotland
 27,021
  1.  Slovakia
 25,399
  1.  Republic of Ireland
 25,395
  1.  Finland
 24,798
  1.  Belgium
 24,041
  1.  Bosnia and Herzegovina
 23,932
  1.  Austria
 23,810
  1.  Latvia
 22,756
  1.  Hungary
 22,223
  1.  Lithuania
 21,731
  1.  Slovenia
 21,551
  1.  Wales
 21,145
  1.  Northern Ireland
 20,808
  1.  Albania
 19,701
  1.  Estonia
 19,692
  1.  FYR Macedonia
 18,914
  1.  Belarus
 18,744
  1.  Georgia
 18,110
  1.  Cyprus
 17,799
  1.  Iceland
 17,000
  1.  Moldova
 16,989
  1.  Armenia
 16,555
  1.  Liechtenstein
 14,451
  1.  Kazakhstan
 13,331
  1.  Azerbaijan
 12,913
  1.  Malta
 11,970
  1.  Andorra
 10,288
  1.  Luxembourg
 09,671
  1.  Faroe Islands
 09,403
  1.  San Marino
 07,948
  1.  Montenegro
 00

[edit] League coefficient

The league coefficient is used to rank the leagues of Europe, and thus determine the number of clubs from a league that will participate in competitions such as the UEFA Cup and the UEFA Champions League.

The UEFA ranking determines the number of teams competing in the season after the next, not in the first season after the publication of the ranking. Thus, the 2007 ranking determines the proportion in 2008–09, not 2007–08.

This coefficient is determined by the results of the clubs of the leagues in UEFA Cup and UEFA Champions League games over the past five seasons. The number of points awarded each season (two for each win by a club from that league, one for a draw) is divided by the number of teams that participated for that nation in that season. This number is then rounded to three decimal places (e.g. 2 2/3 will be rounded to 2.667).

For the league coefficient the season's league coefficients for the last five seasons must be added up. In the preliminary rounds of both the Champions League and UEFA Cup the awarded points are halved. Bonus points are allocated for:

  • Qualifying for the Champions League group phase. (3 bonus points)
  • Reaching the second round of the Champions League.
  • Reaching the quarter, semi and final of both Champions League and UEFA cup.

The bonus points are added to the number of points scored in a season.

[edit] Current ranking (2009-10 UEFA competitions)

Correct as of May 21, 2008

Rank
09/10		 Rank
08/09		 Mvmt League 2003/2004 2004/2005 2005/2006 2006/2007 2007/2008 Coeff. CL places EL places
1 2 +1 Flag of England England 11.250 15.571 14.428 16.625 17.875 75.749 4 3
2 1 -1 Flag of Spain Spain 14.312 12.437 15.642 19.000 13.875 75.266
3 3 — Flag of Italy Italy 8.875 14.000 15.357 11.928 10.250 60.410
4 4 — Flag of France France 13.500 11.428 10.812 10.000 6.928 52.668 3
5 5 — Flag of Germany Germany 4.714 10.571 10.437 9.500 13.500 48.722
6 9 +3 Flag of Russia Russia 5.875 10.000 10.000 6.625 11.250 43.750
7 7 — Flag of Romania Romania 4.333 5.500 16.833 11.333 2.600 40.599 2 4
8 6 -2 Flag of Portugal Portugal 10.250 8.166 5.500 8.083 7.928 39.927
9 8 -1 Flag of the Netherlands Netherlands 5.416 12.000 7.583 8.214 5.000 38.213
10 10 — Flag of Scotland Scotland 7.375 4.750 4.250 6.750 10.250 33.375 3
11 14 +3 Flag of Turkey Turkey 6.500 5.375 4.000 6.100 9.750 31.725
12 11 -1 Flag of Ukraine Ukraine 4.875 8.100 5.750 6.500 4.875 30.100
13 12 -1 Flag of Belgium Belgium 5.875 6.125 5.500 4.700 4.500 26.700
14 15 +1 Flag of Greece Greece 4.166 6.166 3.333 4.666 7.500 25.831
15 13 -2 Flag of the Czech Republic Czech Republic 7.375 2.875 4.625 5.750 5.125 25.750
16 17 +1 Flag of Switzerland Switzerland 1.875 2.625 9.375 4.100 6.250 24.225 1 3
17 16 -1 Flag of Bulgaria Bulgaria 4.166 2.375 8.750 5.125 2.750 23.166
18 18 — Flag of Norway Norway 6.125 3.500 5.400 2.000 5.400 22.425
19 21 +2 Flag of Denmark Denmark 4.200 1.500 3.500 6.125 5.125 20.450
20 22 +2 Flag of Austria Austria 2.125 7.625 3.250 1.500 3.200 17.700
21 20 -1 Flag of Serbia Serbia 4.500 4.250 3.250 2.125 2.625 16.750
22 19 -3 Flag of Israel Israel 2.250 3.625 1.500 6.000 2.375 15.750
23 28 +5 Flag of Sweden Sweden 1.500 3.000 2.666 1.125 5.400 13.691
24 25 +1 Flag of Slovakia Slovakia 2.500 1.333 4.333 2.000 2.166 12.332
25 23 -2 Flag of Poland Poland 4.125 2.500 1.125 2.625 1.666 12.041
26 24 -2 Flag of Hungary Hungary 4.833 4.166 1.000 1.000 1.000 11.999
27 26 -1 Flag of Croatia Croatia 3.625 3.000 0.333 1.000 3.666 11.624
28 27 -1 Flag of Cyprus Cyprus 1.333 1.333 3.000 1.750 2.666 10.082
29 29 — Flag of Slovenia Slovenia 2.166 3.500 2.333 1.250 0.666 9.915
30 33 +3 Flag of Finland Finland 1.666 1.666 2.333 1.333 2.625 9.623
31 31 — Flag of Latvia Latvia 0.833 3.166 1.333 2.166 1.333 8.831
32 30 -2 Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.666 1.666 1.500 1.833 1.833 8.498
33 32 -1 Flag of Lithuania Lithuania 0.833 2.500 1.333 1.833 1.500 7.999
34 34 — Flag of Moldova Moldova 1.500 1.500 1.666 1.500 1.333 7.499
35 35 — Flag of Ireland Republic of Ireland 0.333 1.333 1.833 2.833 1.000 7.332
36 38 +2 Flag of the Republic of Macedonia FYR Macedonia 1.666 0.333 1.500 1.166 1.666 6.331
37 39 +2 Flag of Iceland Iceland 0.500 2.500 0.833 1.000 1.166 5.999
38 36 -2 Flag of Georgia (country) Georgia 0.333 2.666 0.666 1.166 1.000 5.831
39 37 -2 Flag of Liechtenstein Liechtenstein1 0.000 2.000 1.000 2.000 0.500 5.500 0 1
40 40 — Flag of Belarus Belarus 0.666 0.500 1.333 1.000 1.833 5.332 1 3
41 42 +1 Flag of Estonia Estonia 0.333 0.833 0.833 1.500 0.833 4.332
42 44 +2 Flag of Azerbaijan Azerbaijan 0.000 0.500 1.333 1.333 0.666 3.832
43 41 -2 Flag of Albania Albania 0.333 1.000 1.000 0.833 0.500 3.666
44 43 -1 Flag of Armenia Armenia 0.666 0.500 0.666 0.500 1.333 3.665
45 45 — Flag of Kazakhstan Kazakhstan 0.166 0.000 1.000 0.666 0.750 2.582
46 46 — Flag of Northern Ireland Northern Ireland 0.500 0.666 0.500 0.166 0.500 2.332
47 47 — Flag of Wales Wales 0.333 0.000 0.666 0.666 0.666 2.331
48 48 — Flag of the Faroe Islands Faroe Islands 0.000 0.333 0.666 0.500 0.333 1.832
49 49 — Flag of Luxembourg Luxembourg 0.166 0.333 0.500 0.166 0.333 1.498
50 50 — Flag of Malta Malta 0.333 0.333 0.000 0.166 0.000 0.832
51 — — Flag of Montenegro Montenegro 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.500 0.500
51 51 — Flag of Andorra Andorra 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.500 0.500 1 1
53 52 -1 Flag of San Marino San Marino 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.250 0.250

1 The Liechtenstein Football Association does not organise a national league competition. The only competitor from Liechtenstein in international competitions are the Liechtenstein cup winners, who qualify for the UEFA Cup. All Liechtenstein teams play in neighbouring Switzerland's league competitions.

[edit] Division of Champions League and Europa League places in detail

Not all the places for the Champions League or the Europa League are directly for the main tournament. As the national rank of a countries national league is higher, more clubs that participate in that league receive places for European football and those places will be better too. From the 2009 to 2012 seasons UEFA introduced a new format. Only twenty-one teams get direct access to the Champions League after their season. There are three qualifying rounds for the Champions League (+ one preliminary qualifying round for the lowest ranked teams). It is impossible to win direct access to the Europa League unless the previous tournament's winner has not qualified for the Champions League, in which case they will be the only team seeded directly into the group stage. The only way a team can qualify for the Europa League proper is by losing the third qualifying round of the Champions League or by winning the fourth qualifying round of the Europa League. Places in the knockout round of the Europa League are available for teams finishing third in the group stage of the Champions League, just as with the previous format. There are also now four qualifying rounds for the Europa League, up from three in the previous format. The berths for both tournaments are distributed as listed below, though changes to this distribution are possible at UEFA's discretion.[3]:

Rank Champions League Europa League
CL Q3 Q2 Q1 pre. EL Q4 Q3 Q2 Q1
1-3 3 1 2 1
4-5 2 1 2 1
6 2 1 2 1
7-9 1 1 2 1 1
10-12 1 1 1 1 1
13-15 1 1 1 1 1
16-18 1 2 1
19-21 1 1 2
22-27 1 1 1 1
28-34 1 2 1
35-47 1 1 2
48-53 1 1 2
Andorra
San Marino		 1 1
Liechtenstein 1

[edit] History

Since 1960, when the first 5-year based coefficients were released, only 4 leagues have succeeded in being the top European league.

The table at the right shows the history of first placed teams in UEFA League Coefficients.

The next table shows the ranking of nations with respect to total number of years leading in Europe:

Rank League Total
1 Flag of Spain La Liga 15
2 Flag of Italy Serie A 13
3 Flag of England Football League
Flag of England Premier League		 11
4 Flag of Germany Bundesliga 10

[edit] Club coefficient

The club coefficient is determined by the results of a club in European club competition in the last five seasons, and the league coefficient. The club coefficient is 33% of the league coefficient plus the number of points earned by the club in the five seasons. Before 2004 the contribution of the country coefficient was 50%. The points earned by a club in the preliminary rounds are not counted.[1]

The clubs get two points for a win and one point for a draw in games of the main stage of European competitions. Participation in the group stage of the UEFA Champions League is rewarded with three points. Reaching every knock-out round (1/8 of the final, quarter-final, semi-final or final) of Champions League or UEFA Cup is rewarded with a point (See UEFA Coefficients FAQ).

This ranking is used by UEFA to determine which pot the club belongs to in the preliminary and first rounds of the Champions League, and the preliminary, first and second rounds of the UEFA Cup.

Before 1999 a number of strong teams in the UEFA Cup were seeded such that those teams do not meet in the first two rounds. To determine these teams, the sum of, the ratio of the number of points achieved to the number of games played by each team, was calculated for the past five years.

The top 20 clubs as of 2007-08 UEFA competitions are as follows:

Rank Club Country 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 Coefficient
1 Chelsea  England 22.7125 25.1385 17.7610 28.4860 30.8985 124.996
2 Milan  Italy 16.9285 31.6200 26.0675 27.9360 17.3825 119.934
3 Liverpool  England 14.7125 30.1385 17.7610 29.4860 26.8985 118.996
4 Barcelona  Spain 16.7230 17.1040 34.1620 20.2700 29.5785 117.837
5 Arsenal  England 17.7125 19.1385 31.7610 18.4860 23.8985 110.996
6 Manchester United  England 15.7125 17.1385 12.7610 27.4860 34.8985 107.996
7 Sevilla  Spain 4.7230 16.1040 30.1620 31.2700 20.5785 102.837
8 Lyon  France 18.4550 23.7710 24.5680 18.3000 14.2860 99.380
9 Internazionale  Italy 15.9285 22.6200 24.0675 16.9360 17.3825 96.934
10 Real Madrid  Spain 21.7230 18.1040 17.1620 20.2700 16.5785 93.837
11 Bayern Munich  Germany 10.5555 19.4885 17.4440 20.1350 24.4550 92.078
12 PSV Eindhoven  Netherlands 17.7875 24.9600 13.5025 17.7105 17.6500 91.610
13 Villarreal  Spain 20.7230 22.1040 24.1620 6.2700 17.5785 90.837
14 Newcastle United  England 24.7125 27.1385 4.7610 22.4860 5.8985 84.996
15 Valencia  Spain 29.7230 14.1040 5.1620 23.2700 11.5785 83.837
16 Roma  Italy 12.9285 8.6200 19.0675 20.9360 20.3825 81.934
17 Porto  Portugal 26.3825 13.6950 8.8150 15.6675 16.6160 81.176
18 Benfica  Portugal 13.3825 13.6950 17.8150 18.6675 13.6160 77.176
19 Werder Bremen  Germany 1.5555 16.4885 14.4440 24.1350 17.4550 74.078
20 AZ  Netherlands 1.7875 27.9600 13.5025 18.7105 7.6500 69.610

[edit] References

  1. ^ "EXCO approves new coefficient system". UEFA (2008-05-20). Retrieved on 2008-05-21.
  2. ^ a b "New UEFA National Team Coefficient Ranking System" (PDF). UEFA (2008-05-20). Retrieved on 2008-05-21.
  3. ^ "UEFA Executive Committee approves changes to UEFA club competitions", UEFA (November 30, 2007). Retrieved on 5 July 2008. 

[edit] External links

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFA_coefficient"
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