List of state leaders in 1981
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1980 state leaders - Events of 1981 - 1982 state leaders - State leaders by year
Contents |
[edit] Africa
- Algeria -
- President - Chadli Bendjedid, President of Algeria (1979-1992)
- Prime Minister - Mohamed Ben Ahmed Abdelghani, Prime Minister of Algeria (1979-1984)
- Angola -
- President - José Eduardo dos Santos, President of Angola (1979-present)
- Benin -
- President - Mathieu Kérékou, President of Benin (1972-1991)
- Botswana -
- President - Quett Masire, President of Botswana (1980-1998)
- Burundi -
- President - Jean-Baptiste Bagaza, President of Burundi (1976-1987)
- Cameroon
- President - Ahmadou Ahidjo, President of Cameroon (1960-1982)
- Prime Minister - Paul Biya, Prime Minister of Cameroon (1975-1982)
- Cape Verde
- President - Aristides Pereira, President of Cape Verde (1975-1991)
- Prime Minister - Pedro Pires, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (1975-1991)
- Central African Republic
- Chad -
- Comoros
- President - Ahmed Abdallah, President of the Comoros (1978-1989)
- Prime Minister - Salim Ben Ali, Prime Minister of the Comoros (1978-1982)
- Congo -
- President - Denis Sassou-Nguesso, President of Congo (1979-1992)
- Prime Minister - Louis Sylvain Goma, Prime Minister of Congo (1975-1984)
- Djibouti
- President - Hassan Gouled Aptidon, President of Djibouti (1977-1999)
- Prime Minister - Barkat Gourad Hamadou, Prime Minister of Djibouti (1978-2001)
- Equatorial Guinea -
- President - Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President of Equatorial Guinea (1979-present)
- Ethiopia -
- President - Mengistu Haile Mariam, President of Ethiopia (1977-1991)
- Gabon
- President - Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (1967-2009)
- Prime Minister - Léon Mébiame, Prime Minister of Gabon (1975-1994)
- The Gambia -
- President - Sir Dawda Jawara, President of The Gambia (1970-1994)
- Ghana -
- President
- Guinea
- President - Ahmed Sékou Touré, President of Guinea (1958-1984)
- Prime Minister - Louis Lansana Beavogui, Prime Minister of Guinea (1972-1984)
- Guinea-Bissau
- Head of State - João Bernardo Vieira, Chairman of the Council of State of Guinea-Bissau (1980-1984)
- Ivory Coast -
- President - Félix Houphouët-Boigny, President of Ivory Coast (1960-1993)
- Kenya -
- President - Daniel arap Moi, President of Kenya (1978-2002)
- Lesotho
- Monarch - Moshoeshoe II, King of Lesotho (1970-1990)
- Prime Minister - Leabua Jonathan, Prime Minister of Lesotho (1965-1986)[1]
- Liberia -
- President - Samuel Doe, President of Liberia (1980-1990)
- Libya -
- De facto Head of State - Muammar al-Gaddafi, Guide of the Revolution of Libya (1969-present)
- Nominal Head of State -
- Head of Government - Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi, General Secretary of the General People's Committee of Libya (1979-1984)
- Madagascar
- President - Didier Ratsiraka, President of Madagascar (1975-1993)
- Prime Minister - Désiré Rakatoarijaona, Prime Minister of Madagascar (1977-1988)
- Malawi -
- President - Hastings Banda, President for Life of Malawi (1966-1994)
- Mali -
- President - Moussa Traoré, President of Mali (1968-1991)
- Mauritania
- President - Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla, Head of State of Mauritania (1980-1984)
- Prime Minister -
- Mauritius
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Mauritius (1968-1992)
- Governor-General - Sir Dayendranath Burrenchobay, Governor-General of Mauritius (1978-1983)
- Prime Minister - Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, Prime Minister of Mauritius (1961-1982)[2]
- Mayotte (Territorial collectivity of France)
- Prefect -
- President of the General Council - Younoussa Bamana, President of the General Council of Mayotte (1976-1991)
- Morocco
- Monarch - Hassan II, King of Morocco (1961-1999)
- Prime Minister - Maati Bouabid, Prime Minister of Morocco (1979-1983)
- Western Sahara (Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic) (self-declared, partially recognized state)
- President - Mohamed Abdelaziz, President of Western Sahara (1976-present)
- Prime Minister - Mohamed Lamine Ould Ahmed, Prime Minister of Western Sahara (1976-1982)
- Mozambique -
- President - Samora Machel, President of Mozambique (1975–1986)
- Niger -
- Head of State - Seyni Kountché, President of the Supreme Military Council of Niger (1974-1987)
- Nigeria -
- President - Shehu Shagari, President of Nigeria (1979-1983)
- Rwanda -
- President - Juvénal Habyarimana, President of Rwanda (1973-1994)
- Saint Helena (British crown colony until 1981, afterwards British dependent territory)
- São Tomé and Príncipe -
- President - Manuel Pinto da Costa, President of São Tomé and Príncipe (1975-1991)
- Senegal
- President - Abdou Diouf, President of Senegal (1981-2000)
- Prime Minister - Habib Thiam, Prime Minister of Senegal (1981-1983)
- Seychelles -
- President - France-Albert René, President of Seychelles (1977-2004)
- Sierra Leone -
- President - Siaka Stevens, President of Sierra Leone (1978-1985)
- Somalia -
- President - Siad Barre, President of Somalia (1969-1991)
- South Africa -
- President - Marias Viljoen, State President of South Africa (1979-1984)
- Prime Minister - Pieter Willem Botha, Prime Minister of South Africa (1978-1984)
- South West Africa (former League of Nations mandate under illegally continued administration by South Africa)
- Administrator-General - Danie Hough, Administrator-General of South West Africa (1980-1983)
- Premier - Dirk Mudge, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of South West Africa (1980-1983)
- Sudan -
- President - Gaafar Nimeiry, President of the Sudan (1969-1985)
- Prime Minister - Gaafar Nimeiry, Prime Minister of the Sudan (1977-1985)
- Swaziland
- Monarch - Sobhuza II, King of Swaziland (1921-1982)[3]
- Prime Minister - Prince Mabandla Dlamini, Prime Minister of Swaziland (1979-1983)
- Tanzania -
- President - Julius Nyerere, President of Tanzania (1964-1985)[4]
- Prime Minister - Edward Sokoine, Prime Minister of Tanzania (1977-1980)
- Zanzibar (semi-autonomous region)
- President - Aboud Jumbe, President of Zanzibar (1972-1984)
- Togo -
- President - Gnassingbé Eyadéma, President of Togo (1967-2005)
- Tunisia
- President - Habib Bourguiba, President of Tunisia (1957-1987)
- Prime Minister - Mohammed Mzali, Prime Minister of Tunisia (1980-1986)
- Uganda -
- President - Milton Obote, President of Uganda (1980-1985)
- Prime Minister - Otema Alimadi, Prime Minister of Uganda (1980-1985)
- Upper Volta -
- President - Saye Zerbo, President of the Military Committee of Recovery for National Progress of Upper Volta (1980-1982)
- Prime Minister - Saye Zerbo, Prime Minister of Upper Volta (1980-1982)
- Zaire
- President - Mobutu Sese Seko, President of Zaire (1965-1997)
- Head of Government -
- Zambia
- President - Kenneth Kaunda, President of Zambia (1964-1991)
- Prime Minister -
- Zimbabwe -
- President - Canaan Banana, President of Zimbabwe (1980-1987)
- Prime Minister - Robert Mugabe, Prime Minister of Zimbabwe (1980-1987)
[edit] Asia
- Afghanistan -
- Communist Party Leader - Babrak Karmal, General Secretary of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (1979-1986)
- President - Babrak Karmal, President of Afghanistan (1979-1986)
- Prime Minister -
- Bangladesh -
- President -
- Prime Minister - Shah Azizur Rahman, Prime Minister of Bangladesh (1979–1982)
- Bhutan
- Monarch - Jigme Singye Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (1972-2006)
- Brunei (British protected state)
- High Commissioner - Arthur Christopher Watson, British High Commissioner in Brunei (1978-1984)
- Monarch - Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)
- Chief Minister -
- Burma
- President - Ne Win, President of Burma (1962-1981)
- Prime Minister - Maung Maung Kha, Prime Minister of Burma (1977-1988)
- China (People's Republic of China) -
- De facto leader - Deng Xiaoping (late 1970s - early 1990s)
- Communist Party Leader -
- De facto Head of State - Ye Jianying - Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China (1978-1983)
- Premier - Zhao Ziyang, Premier of the People's Republic of China (1980-1987)
- Hong Kong (British crown colony until 1981, afterwards British dependent territory)
- Governor - Sir Murray MacLehose, Governor of Hong Kong (1971–1982)
- India
- President - N. Sanjiva Reddy, President of India (1977-1982)
- Prime Minister - Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India (1980-1984)
- Indonesia -
- President - Suharto, President of Indonesia (1967–1998)
- Japan
- Monarch - Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (1926-1989)
- Prime Minister - Zenko Suzuki, Prime Minister of Japan (1980-1982)
- Kampuchea -
- Communist Party Leader -
- Head of State - Heng Samrin, Chairman of the Council of State of Kampuchea (1979-1992)
- Premier -
- North Korea
- Communist Party Leader - Kim Il-sung, General Secretary of the Korean Workers' Party (1948-1994)
- President - Kim Il-sung, President of North Korea (1972-1994)
- Premier - Li Jong-ok, Premier of North Korea (1977-1984)
- South Korea -
- President - Chun Doo-hwan, President of South Korea (1980-1988)
- Prime Minister - Nam Duck-woo, Prime Minister of South Korea (1980-1982)
- Laos
- Communist Party Leader - Kaysone Phomvihane, General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (1975-1992)
- President - Souphanouvong, President of Laos (1975-1991)
- Premier - Kaysone Phomvihane, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Laos (1975-1991)
- Macau (overseas province of Portugal)
- Malaysia
- Monarch - Sultan Ahmad Shah, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (1979-1984)
- Prime Minister -
- Maldives
- President - Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, President of the Maldives (1978–2008)
- Mongolia
- Communist Party Leader - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, General secretary of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (1958-1984)
- Head of State - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, Chairmen of the Presidium of the People's Great Hural of Mongolia (1974-1984)
- Premier - Jambyn Batmönkh, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Mongolia (1974-1984)
- Nepal
- Monarch - Birendra, King of Nepal (1972–2001)
- Prime Minister - Surya Bahadur Thapa, Prime Minister of Nepal (1979-1983)
- Pakistan -
- President - Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, President of Pakistan (1978-1988)
- Head of Government - Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, Chief Martial Law Administrator (1977-1985)
- Philippines
- President - Ferdinand Marcos, President of the Philippines (1965-1986)
- Prime Minister -
- Singapore
- President -
- Prime Minister - Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore (1959-1990)[6]
- Sri Lanka -
- President - Junius Richard Jayewardene, President of Sri Lanka (1978-1989)
- Prime Minister - Ranasinghe Premadasa, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (1978-1989)
- Taiwan (Republic of China) -
- President - Chiang Ching-kuo, President of the Republic of China (1978-1988)
- Premier - Sun Yun-suan, President of the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China (1978-1984)
- Thailand -
- Monarch - Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (1946-present)
- Prime Minister - Prem Tinsulanond, Prime Minister of Thailand (1980-1988)
- Vietnam -
- Communist Party Leader - Lê Duẩn, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (1960-1986)
- President -
- Premier - Phạm Văn Đồng, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Vietnam (1976-1986)[7]
[edit] Australia and Oceania
- American Samoa (unorganized, unincorporated territory of the United States)
- Governor - Peter Tali Coleman, Governor of American Samoa (1978-1985)
- Australia
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952-present)
- Governor-General - Sir Zelman Cowen, Governor-General of Australia (1977-1982)
- Prime Minister - Malcolm Fraser, Prime Minister of Australia (1975-1983)
- Norfolk Island (self-governing territory of Australia)
- Administrator -
- Chief Minister - David Buffett, Chief Minister of Norfolk Island (1979-1986)
- Fiji
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Fiji (1970-1987)
- Governor-General - Ratu Sir George Cakobau, Governor-General of Fiji (1973-1983)
- Prime Minister - Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, Prime Minister of Fiji (1967-1987)[8]
- French Polynesia (French overseas territory)
- Guam (Insular area of the United States)
- Governor - Paul McDonald Calvo, Governor of Guam (1979-1983)
- Kiribati
- President - Ieremia Tabai, President of Kiribati (1979–1982)
- Nauru
- President - Hammer DeRoburt, President of Nauru (1978-1986)
- New Caledonia (French overseas territory)
- High Commissioner -
- New Zealand
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand (1952-present)
- Governor-General - Sir David Beattie, Governor-General of New Zealand (1980-1985)
- Prime Minister - Robert Muldoon, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1975-1984)
- Cook Islands (Associated state of New Zealand)
- New Zealand Representative - Lindsay Watt, New Zealand Representative in the Cook Islands (1980-1982)
- Queen's Representative - Sir Gaven Donne, Queen's Representative of the Cook Islands (1975-1984)
- Prime Minister - Tom Davis, Prime Minister of the Cook Islands (1978-1983)
- Niue (associated state of New Zealand)
- New Zealand Representative - Terry Baker, New Zealand Representative in Niue (1979-1982)
- Prime Minister - Robert Rex, Premier of Niue (1974-1992)
- Tokelau (territory of New Zealand)
- Administrator - Frank Henry Corner, Administrator of Tokelau (1975–1984)
- Papua New Guinea
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Papua New Guinea (1975-present)
- Governor-General - Sir Tore Lokoloko, Governor-General of Papua New Guinea (1977-1983)
- Prime Minister - Sir Julius Chan, Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (1980-1982)
- Pitcairn Islands (British crown colony until 1981, afterwards British dependent territory)
- Governor - Sir Richard Stratton, Governor of the Pitcairn Islands (1980-1984)
- Mayor - Ivan Christian, Magistrate of the Pitcairn Islands (1975-1984)
- Solomon Islands
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the Solomon Islands (1978–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Baddeley Devesi, Governor-General of the Solomon Islands (1978–1988)
- Prime Minister -
- Tonga
- Monarch - Taufa'ahau Tupou IV, King of Tonga (1965–2006)[10]
- Prime Minister - Tu'i Pelehake (Fatafehi), Prime Minister of Tonga (1965–1991)[11]
- Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (UN Trust Territory administered by the USA)
- High Commissioner -
- Northern Mariana Islands (autonomous territory)
- Governor - Carlos S. Camacho, Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands (1978–1982)
- Marshall Islands (autonomous territory)
- President - Amata Kabua, President of the Marshall Islands (1979–1996)
- Federated States of Micronesia (autonomous territory)
- President - Tosiwo Nakayama, President of the Federated States of Micronesia (1979–1987)
- Palau (autonomous territory)
- President - Haruo Remeliik, President of Palau (1981-1985)
- Tuvalu
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Tuvalu (1978-present)
- Governor-General - Sir Fiatau Penitala Teo, Governor-General of Tuvalu (1978-1986)
- Prime Minister -
- Vanuatu -
- President - Ati George Sokomanu, President of Vanuatu (1980–1984)
- Prime Minister - Walter Lini, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (1979–1991)[13]
- Wallis and Futuna (French overseas territory)
- Administrator-Superior - Robert Thil, Administrator-Superior of Wallis and Futuna (1980-1983)
- President of the Territorial Assembly - Manuele Lisiahi, President of the Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna (1978-1984)
- Western Samoa
- Head of State - Malietoa Tanumafili II, O le Ao o le Malo of Western Samoa (1962-2007)
- Prime Minister - Tufuga Efi, Prime Minister of Western Samoa (1976-1982)
[edit] Europe
- Albania
- Communist Party Leader - Enver Hoxha, First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor (1944-1985)
- Head of State - Haxhi Lleshi, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly of Albania (1953-1982)
- Premier -
- Andorra
- Co-Princes -
- French Co-Prince -
- Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1974-1981)
- François Mitterrand, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1981-1995)
- Personal Representative - René Laouette (1980-1982)
- Episcopal Co-Prince - Joan Martí Alanis, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1971-2003)
- Personal Representative - Francesc Badia (1972-1993)
- French Co-Prince -
- First Syndic - Estanislau Sangrà Font, First Syndic of Andorra (1978-1982)
- Co-Princes -
- Austria
- President - Rudolf Kirchschläger, President of Austria (1974–1986)
- Chancellor - Bruno Kreisky, Chancellor of Austria (1970–1983)
- Belgium
- Monarch - Baudouin I, King of the Belgians (1951-1993)
- Prime Minister -
- Bulgaria
- Communist Party Leader - Todor Zhivkov, General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party (1954-1989)
- Head of State - Todor Zhivkov, Chairman of the State Council of Bulgaria (1971-1989)
- Premier -
- Cyprus
- President - Spyros Kyprianou, President of Cyprus (1977-1988)
- Czechoslovakia
- Communist Party Leader - Gustáv Husák, General Secretary of the Communisty Party of Czechoslovakia (1969-1987)
- President - Gustáv Husák, President of Czechoslovakia (1975-1989)
- Prime Minister - Lubomír Štrougal, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1970-1988)
- Denmark
- Monarch - Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972-present)
- Prime Minister - Anker Jørgensen, Prime Minister of Denmark (1975-1982)
- Faroe Islands (autonomous region of the Kingdom of Denmark)
- Prime Minister -
- Greenland (autonomous region of the Kingdom of Denmark)
- Prime Minister - Jonathan Motzfeldt, Prime Minister of Greenland (1979-1991)
- Finland
- President -
- Prime Minister - Mauno Koivisto, Prime Minister of Finland (1979-1982)
- Åland (autonomous province)
- Governor - Martin Isaksson, Governor of Åland (1972-1982)
- Premier - Folke Woivalin, Premier of Åland (1979-1988)
- France
- President
- Prime Minister -
- East Germany (German Democratic Republic)
- Communist Party Leader - Erich Honecker, General Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (1971-1989)
- Head of State - Erich Honecker, Chairman of the Council of State of East Germany (1976-1989)
- Prime Minister - Willi Stoph, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of East Germany (1976-1989)
- West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany)
- President - Karl Carstens, President of West Germany (1979-1984)
- Chancellor - Helmut Schmidt, Chancellor of West Germany (1974-1982)
- Greece
- President - Constantine Karamanlis, President of Greece (1980-1985)
- Prime Minister -
- Mount Athos (autonomous monastic state)
- Spiritual Leader - Demetrios I, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1972-1991)
- Hungary
- Communist Party Leader - János Kádár, First Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (1956-1988)
- Head of State - Pál Losonczi, Chairman of the Presidential Council of Hungary (1967-1987)
- Premier - György Lázár, President of the Council of Ministers of Hungary (1975-1987)
- Iceland
- President - Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, President of Iceland (1980-1996)
- Prime Minister - Gunnar Thoroddsen, Prime Minister of Iceland (1980-1983)
- Ireland
- President - Patrick Hillery, President of Ireland (1976-1990)
- Prime Minister -
- Italy
- President - Sandro Pertini, President of Italy (1978-1985)
- Prime Minister -
- Liechtenstein
- Monarch - Franz Josef II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1938-1989)
- Head of government - Hans Brunhart, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1978-1993)
- Luxembourg
- Monarch - Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1964-2000)
- Prime Minister - Pierre Werner, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1979-1989)
- Malta
- President
- Prime Minister - Dom Mintoff, Prime Minister of Malta (1971-1984)
- Monaco
- Monarch - Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (1949-2005)
- Head of Government -
- The Netherlands
- Monarch - Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (1980-present)
- Prime Minister - Dries van Agt, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1977-1982)
- Norway
- Monarch - Olav V, King of Norway (1957-1991)
- Prime Minister -
- Poland
- Communist Party Leader -
- Head of State - Henryk Jabłoński, Chairman of the Council of State of Poland (1972-1985)
- Premier -
- Portugal
- President - António Ramalho Eanes, President of Portugal (1976-1986)
- Prime Minister -
- Azores (autonomous region)
- President of the Government - João Bosco Soares Mota Amaral, President of the Autonomous Regional Government of the Azores (1976-1995)
- Madeira (autonomous region)
- President of the Government - Alberto João Jardim, President of the Regional Government of Madeira (1978–present)
- Romania
- Communist Party Leader - Nicolae Ceauşescu, General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party (1965-1989)
- President - Nicolae Ceauşescu, President of Romania (1967-1989)
- Premier - Ilie Verdeţ, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1979-1982)
- San Marino
- Captains Regent -
- Giancarlo Berardi and Rossano Zafferani, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1980–March 1981)
- Gastone Pasolini and Maria Lea Pedini Angelini, Captains Regent of San Marino (April 1981–September 1981)
- Mario Rossi and Ubaldo Biordi, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1981–March 1982)
- Captains Regent -
- Soviet Union
- Communist Party leader - Leonid Brezhnev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1964-1982)
- Head of State - Leonid Brezhnev, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1977-1982)
- Premier - Nikolai Tikhonov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1980-1985)
- Spain
- Monarch - Juan Carlos I, King of Spain (1975-present)
- Prime Minister -
- Sweden
- Monarch - Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973-present)
- Prime Minister - Thorbjörn Fälldin, Prime Minister of Sweden (1979-1982)
- Switzerland
- Turkey
- President - Kenan Evren, President of Turkey (1980-1989)
- Prime Minister - Bülend Ulusu, Prime Minister of Turkey (1980-1983)
- United Kingdom
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952-present)
- Prime Minister - Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1979-1990)
- Guernsey (British Crown dependency)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Duke of Normandy (1952–present)
- Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Peter de Lacey Le Cheminant, Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey (1980–1985)
- Bailiff - Sir John Loveridge, Bailiff of Guernsey (1973-1982)
- Alderney (self-governing island)
- Head of Government - Jon Kay-Mouat, President of the States of Alderney (1977-1994)
- Sark (self-governing island)
- Seigneur - John Michael Beaumont, Seigneur of Sark (1974–present)
- Jersey (British Crown dependency)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Duke of Normandy (1952–present)
- Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Peter Whiteley, Lieutenant-Governor of Jersey (1979-1985)
- Bailiff - Sir Frank Ereaut, Bailiff of Jersey (1975-1985)
- Isle of Man (British Crown dependency)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Lord of Mann (1952–present)
- Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Nigel Cecil, Lieutenant-Governor of Man (1980-1985)
- Head of Government -
- Gibraltar (British crown colony until 1981, afterwards British dependent territory)
- Governor - Sir William Jackson, Governor of Gibraltar (1978-1982)
- Chief Minister - Sir Joshua Hassan, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (1972-1987)
- Vatican City
- Pope - John Paul II, Sovereign of the State of the Vatican City (1978-2005)
- Secretary of State - Agostino Casaroli, Cardinal Secretary of State (1979-1990)
- President of the Governorate - Agostino Casaroli, President of the Governorate of Vatican City State (1979-1984)
- Yugoslavia
- Communist Party Leader -
- Head of State -
- Premier - Veselin Đuranović, Chairman of the Federal Executive Council of Yugoslavia (1977-1982)
[edit] Middle East
- Bahrain
- Monarch - Isa ibn Salman al-Khalifa, Emir of Bahrain (1961-1999)[14]
- Prime Minister - Khalifah ibn Sulman Al Khalifah, Prime Minister of Bahrain (1970-present)[15]
- Egypt
- President -
- Prime Minister -
- Iran
- Supreme Leader - Ruhollah Khomeini, Supreme Leader of Iran (1979-1989)
- President -
- Prime Minister -
- Iraq
- President - Saddam Hussein, President of Iraq (1979-2003)
- Prime Minister - Saddam Hussein, Prime Minister of Iraq (1979-1991)
- Israel
- President - Yitzhak Navon, President of Israel (1978-1983)
- Prime Minister - Menachem Begin, Prime Minister of Israel (1977-1983)
- Jordan
- Monarch - Hussein I, King of Jordan (1952-1999)
- Prime Minister - Mudar Badran, Prime Minister of Jordan (1980-1984)
- Kuwait
- Monarch - Jabir al-Ahmad al-Jabir al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (1977-2006)
- Prime Minister - Saad Al-Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (1978-2003)
- Lebanon
- President - Elias Sarkis, President of Lebanon (1976-1982)
- Prime Minister - Shafik Wazzan, Prime Minister of Lebanon (1980-1984)
- Oman
- Monarch - Qaboos of Oman, Sultan of Oman (1970-present)
- Prime Minister - Qabus ibn Sa'id, Prime Minister of Oman (1972-present)
- Qatar
- Monarch - Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1972-1995)
- Prime Minister - Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, Prime Minister of Qatar (1970-1995)[16]
- Saudi Arabia
- Monarch - Khalid, King of Saudi Arabia (1975-1982)
- Prime Minister - Khalid, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (1975-1982)
- Syria
- President - Hafez al-Assad, President of Syria (1971-2000)
- Prime Minister - Abdul Rauf Qasim, Prime Minister of Syria (1980-1987)
- United Arab Emirates
- President - Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates (1971-2004)
- Prime Minister - Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (1979-1990)
- North Yemen (Yemen Arab Republic)
- President - Ali Abdullah Saleh, President of North Yemen (1978-1990)[17]
- Prime Minister - Abdul Karim al-Iryani, Prime Minister of North Yemen (1980-1983)
- South Yemen (People's Democratic Republic of Yemen)
- President - Ali Nasir Mohammed, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Council of South Yemen (1980-1986)
- Prime Minister - Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas, Prime Minister of South Yemen (1971-1986)
[edit] North America and Caribbean
- Anguilla (British crown colony until 1981, afterwards British dependent territory)
- Governor - Charles Harry Godden, Governor of Anguilla (1978-1983)
- Chief Minister - Ronald Webster, Chief Minister of Anguilla (1980-1984)
- Antigua and Barbuda
- gained independence on 1 November 1981
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda (1981–present)
- Governor-General[18] - Sir Wilfred Jacobs, Governor of Antigua and Barbuda (1967–1981), Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda (1981–1993)[19]
- Prime Minister[20] - Vere Bird, Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda (1976–1994)[21]
- The Bahamas
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the Bahamas (1973–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Gerald Cash, Governor-General of the Bahamas (1979–1988)
- Prime Minister - Lynden Pindling, Prime Minister of the Bahamas (1967–1992)[22]
- Barbados
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Barbados (1966–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Deighton Lisle Ward, Governor-General of Barbados (1976–1984)
- Prime Minister - Tom Adams, Prime Minister of Barbados (1976–1985)
- Belize
- gained independence on 21 September 1981
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Belize (1981–present)
- Governor-General[23] -
- Prime Minister[24] - George Cadle Price, Prime Minister of Belize (1961–1984)[25]
- Bermuda (British crown colony until 1981, afterwards British dependent territory)
- Governor - Sir Richard Posnett, Governor of Bermuda (1980-1983)
- Premier - David Gibbons, Premier of Bermuda (1977-1982)
- British Virgin Islands (British crown colony until 1981, afterwards British dependent territory)
- Governor - James Alfred Davidson, Governor of the British Virgin Islands (1978-1982)
- Premier - Lavity Stoutt, Chief Minister of the British Virgin Islands (1979-1983)
- Canada
- Monarch - Queen Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada (1952-present)
- Governor-General - Edward R. Schreyer, Governor-General of Canada (1979-1984)
- Prime Minister - Pierre Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada (1980-1984)
- Cayman Islands (British crown colony until 1981, afterwards British dependent territory)
- Governor - Thomas Russell, Governor of the Cayman Islands (1974-1982)
- Costa Rica
- President - Rodrigo Carazo Odio, President of Costa Rica (1978–1982)
- Cuba
- Communist Party Leader - Fidel Castro, First secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba (1965-present)
- President - Fidel Castro, President of the Council of State of Cuba (1976–2008)
- Premier - Fidel Castro, President of the Council of Ministers of Cuba (1959–2008)
- Dominica -
- President - Aurelius Marie, President of Dominica (1980–1983)
- Prime Minister - Eugenia Charles, Prime Minister of Dominica (1980–1995)
- Dominican Republic
- President - Antonio Guzmán Fernández, President of the Dominican Republic (1978–1982)
- El Salvador
- President - Revolutionary Government Junta, President of El Salvador (1979-1982)
- Grenada
- Monarch - Queen Elizabeth, Queen of Grenada (1952-present)
- Governal-General - Sir Paul Scoon, Governor-General of Grenada (1978-1992)
- Prime Minister - Maurice Bishop, Prime Minister of Grenada (1979-1983)
- Guatemala
- President - Fernando Romeo Lucas García, President of Guatemala (1978-1982)
- Haiti -
- President - Jean-Claude Duvalier, President for Life of Haiti (1971-1986)
- Honduras
- President - Policarpo Paz García, Provisional President of Honduras (1978-1983)
- Jamaica
- Monarch - Queen Elizabeth, Queen of Jamaica (1952-present)
- Governor-General - Sir Florizel Glasspole, Governor-General of Jamaica (1973-1991)
- Prime Minister - Edward Seaga, Prime Minister of Jamaica (1980-1989)
- Mexico
- President - José López Portillo, President of Mexico (1976-1982)
- Montserrat (British crown colony until 1981, afterwards British dependent territory)
- Governor - David Kenneth Hay Dale, Governor of Montserrat (1980-1984)
- Chief Minister - John Osborne, Chief Minister of Montserrat (1978-1991)
- Netherlands Antilles (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
- Governor - Bernadito M. Leito, Governor of the Netherlands Antilles (1970-1983)
- Prime Minister - Dominico Martina, Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles (1979-1984)
- Nicaragua
- President - Junta of National Reconstruction, President of Nicaragua (1979-1985)
- Panama
- De facto leader -
- President - Aristides Royo, President of Panama (1978-1982)
- Saint Christopher and Nevis (British associated state)
- Saint Lucia
- Monarch - Queen Elizabeth, Queen of Saint Lucia (1979-present)
- Governal-General - Boswell Williams, Governor-General of Saint Lucia (1980-1982)
- Prime Minister -
- Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Territorial collectivity of France)
- Prefect -
- President of the General Council - Albert Pen, President of the General Council of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (1968-1984)
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- Monarch - Queen Elizabeth, Queen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1979-present)
- Governal-General - Sir Sydney Gun-Munro, Governor-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1976-1985)[26]
- Prime Minister - Milton Cato, Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1974-1984)[27]
- Trinidad and Tobago
- President - Ellis Clarke, President of Trinidad and Tobago (1972-1987)[28]
- Prime Minister -
- Tobago (autonomous island)
- Chairman - A. N. R. Robinson, Chairman of the House of Assembly of Tobago (1980-1986)
- Turks and Caicos Islands (British crown colony until 1981, afterwards British dependent territory)
- Governor - John Clifford Strong, Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands (1978-1982)
- Chief Minister - Norman Saunders, Chief Minister of Turks and Caicos Islands (1980-1985)
- United States of America
- President -
- Puerto Rico (Commonwealth of the United States)
- Governor - Carlos Romero Barceló, Governor of Puerto Rico (1977-1985)
- United States Virgin Islands (Insular area of the United States)
- Governor - Juan Francisco Luis, Governor of US Virgin Islands (1978-1987)
[edit] South America
- Argentina
- Bolivia
- Brazil
- President - João Baptista de Oliveira Figueiredo, President of Brazil (1979-1985)
- Chile
- President - Augusto Pinochet, President of Chile (1973-1990)
- Colombia
- President - Julio César Turbay Ayala, President of Colombia (1978-1982)
- Ecuador
- President -
- Falkland Islands (British crown colony until 1981, afterwards British dependent territory)
- Governor - Rex Hunt, Governor of the Falkland Islands (1980-1982)
- Guyana
- President - Forbes Burnham, President of Guyana (1980-1985)
- Prime Minister - Ptolemy Reid, Prime Minister of Guyana (1980-1984)
- Paraguay
- President - Alfredo Stroessner, President of Paraguay (1954-1989)
- Peru
- President - Fernando Belaúnde Terry, President of Peru (1980-1985)
- Prime Minister - Manuel Ulloa Elías, President of the council of ministers of Peru (1980-1982)
- Suriname
- De facto leader - Dési Bouterse, Chairman of the National Military Council (1980-1988)
- President - Hendrick Chin A Sen, President of Suriname (1980-1982)
- Prime Minister - Hendrick Chin A Sen, Prime Minister of Suriname (1980-1982)
- Uruguay
- President -
- Venezuela
- President - Luis Herrera Campins, President of Venezuela (1979-1984)
[edit] References
- ^ Lesotho only became independent in 1966.
- ^ Mauritius only became independent in 1968.
- ^ Swaziland only became independent in 1968, until when Sobhuza II was titled Paramount Chief of Swaziland.
- ^ Julius Nyerere was previously President of Tanganyika from 1962 to 1964.
- ^ Hu Yaobang was Chairman of the Communist Party of China 1981-1982 and General Secretary of the Communist Party of China 1980-1987, but the latter post only became the top position of the party on 12 September 1982.
- ^ Singapore only became independent in 1965.
- ^ Previously prime minister of North Vietnam from 1955 to 1976.
- ^ Fiji only became independent in 1970, until when Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara was titled Chief Minister of Fiji.
- ^ The Solomon islands only became independent in 1978.
- ^ Tonga only became independent in 1970.
- ^ Tonga only became independent in 1970.
- ^ Tuvalu only became independent in 1978.
- ^ Vanuatu only became independent in 1980.
- ^ Bahrain only became independent in 1971.
- ^ Bahrain only became independent in 1971.
- ^ Qatar only became independent in 1971.
- ^ Subsequently President of Yemen from 1990.
- ^ Titled Governor until independence.
- ^ Antigua and Barbuda only became independent in 1981.
- ^ Titled Premier until independence.
- ^ Antigua and Barbuda only became independent in 1981.
- ^ The Bahamas only became independent on 1973.
- ^ Titled Governor until independence.
- ^ Titled Premier until independence.
- ^ Belize only became independent in 1981.
- ^ Saint Vincent and the Grenadines only became independent in 1979, until them Sir Sydney Gun-Munro was titled Governor of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.
- ^ Saint Vincent and the Grenadines only became independent in 1979.
- ^ Ellis Clarke was titled Governor-General of Trinidad and Tobago between 1972 and 1976 under the monarchy.
- ^ Trinidad and Tobago only became independent in 1962.
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